Globalisation and Liberalisation: Implications for Poverty, Distribution and Inequality

human development, poverty, empowerment

Challenges for German Development Cooperation in the Run-up to the Millennium +5 Summit

Extreme poverty blights the lives of one fifth of the world's population and denies more than 100 million children per year the chance of an education. Today in sub-Saharan Africa alone 45 million children are out of school and 313 million people are living on less than US $ 1 a day. 2005 provides an opportunity for rich countries to help put in place effective and cost-efficient strategies needed to change this picture in the long run. The world can choose to continue on its current course, leading to increased poverty and additional human suffering, or to adopt an agenda in favour of expanded human welfare and human security. This agenda is incorporated in the Millennium Development Goals still achievable with an increased support from Germany and the EU. However, in order for this to happen, the heads of state and government at the G8 Summit in Gleneagles and at the Millennium+5 Summit in New York this summer must make the right political decisions. We propose an analysis that can serve as the basis for discussions and decisions during these summits. Germany has then potential to assume an internationally significant role in the key areas of human development, trade policy and human security and thus credibly promote further reforms to alleviate poverty within the G8 states, the European Union and the United Nations.

Time to stop dumping on the world's poor: essay from IFPRI's 2002-2003 Annual Report

What can governments in rich countries do about poverty in poor countries, apart from increasing and improving aid and endorsing ambitious poverty reduction goals? Answer: get serious about reforming their own farm policies and start dismantling the agricultural trade restrictions and subsidies that contribute to mass poverty across the developing world.Globalization, Equality, tariffs, Protectionism, Land tenure, Poverty reduction,

Corporate Philanthropy and the ‘Education For All’ Agenda

There is no shortage of candidates for inclusion in a list of challenges facing humanity at the start of the twenty-first century. Over the past two decades, globalisation has contributed to impressive gains in poverty reduction. Yet we live in a world of unprecedented disparities in wealth. Progress towards the international development goals in areas such as poverty reduction, nutrition, child survival and maternal health has fallen far short of the targets set for 2015, even in many of the countries that have secured high economic growth. Youth unemployment has reached record levels. While global economic integration and the spread of technology, capital and ideas have increased prosperity, growth has been uneven and unbalanced. Building a new globalisation will require not just new mechanisms for curtailing the power of financial markets, but also a more equitable pattern of economic growth and a new approach to ecology. Climate change and the growing body of evidence on environmental stress point unequivocally towards an economic system that has overstepped the ecological boundaries, with potentially devastating consequences for future generations.The Rockerfeller Foundatio

The rich countries that developed Covax have actively undermined it

It is far too early to assess the scale of the threat posed by Omicron. But it is not too early to assess the international response to the crisis, says Kevin Watkins, Visiting Professor at the LSE Firoz Lalji Institute for Africa. If the endeavour of scientists has given the world the means to contain the epidemic through vaccinations, the abject failure of G7 and G20 political leaders to equitably share its benefits is surely the defining hallmark of the pandemic

Saponification of several esters of pilvalic acid

The base promoted hydrolysis, saponification, of several esters of pivalic acid (trimethyl acetic acid – C (CH3)3COOH) has been studied. Kinetic studies were performed and a possible mechanism for the reactions is proposed. The saponification of esters has been well studied. Ingold1 proposes three possible mechanisms for the reaction; Bac2, Bal1, and Bal2. The B stands for base promoted, the ac and al for acyl oxygen cleavage or alkyl oxygen cleavage, respectively, and the 1 or 2 for first or second order kinetics

The Effects of Dietary Sodium Zeolite a on Growth and Mineral Utilization of Chickens.

Four experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of sodium zeolite A (SZA) on calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and zinc (Zn) utilization in broiler chickens from 5 to 14 or 15 days of age. In Experiment 1, two levels each of SZA (0 and.75%) and (or) Ca (1.0 and 1.5%) were fed to both uninfected and Eimeria acervulina-infected chicks. Excess dietary Ca reduced (P $$.10) in infected chicks (Ca x coccidiosis, P $\u3c$.05). Addition of SZA to diets with excess Ca further decreased (P $\u3c$.05) gain and tibia ash. These results suggest that SZA may exacerbate the adverse effects of excess dietary Ca. In Experiment 2, four levels of dietary Ca (.6,.8, 1.0, and 1.2%) and (or) two levels of SZA (0 and.75%) were fed. Sodium zeolite A decreased (P $\u3c$.05) plasma P and tibia magnesium (Mg) but increased (P $\u3c$.05) tibia Ca, Zn, aluminum (Al), and manganese (Mn). Tibia ash and shearing force were increased in chicks fed SZA and inadequate dietary Ca, but were decreased in chicks fed SZA and 1.2% Ca (Ca x SZA, P $\u3c$.05). Dietary SZA enhanced tibia ash, density, and shearing force when dietary Ca was low; however, SZA reduced many bone mineralization indices in chicks fed excess Ca. In Experiment 3, various levels of dietary P (.41,.55, and.69%), Ca (.6 and 1%), and (or) SZA (0 and.75%) were fed. The addition of Ca, SZA, or both exacerbated the adverse effects of feeding low-P diets, yet alleviated the adverse effects of feeding low-Ca, high-P diets. Dietary SZA reduced (P $\u3c$.01) plasma P and increased (P $\u3c$.02) tibia Mn, Zn, copper (Cu), and Al. The SZA-induced increase in tibia Al was most evident in chicks fed low levels of P (SZA x P, P $\u3c$.02). These data demonstrate that the effects of SZA are influenced by dietary concentrations of Ca and P, and that the addition of SZA to diets low in P results in bone Al accumulation. In Experiment 4, the effects of SZA on chicks fed inadequate (35 ppm), marginal (40 ppm), adequate (85 ppm), and excess (4,000 ppm) levels of Zn were assessed. Sodium zeolite A increased (P $\u3c$.05) tibia and pancreas Zn regardless of dietary Zn concentration. Dietary SZA tended to alleviate the adverse effects of feeding inadequate Zn and exacerbate the adverse effects of feeding excess Zn

Rethinking multiculturalism, reassessing multicultural education report 1

This report provides insights into the current practices of multicultural education and the opinions and understandings of New South Wales (NSW) public school teachers around increasing cultural and linguistic diversity in schools and the broader Australian community. The report is the outcome of the first stage of the Rethinking Multiculturalism/ Reassessing Multicultural Education (RMRME) Project, a three-year Australian Research Council (ARC) Linkage Project between the University of Western Sydney, the NSW Department of Education and Communities (DEC) and the NSW Institute of Teachers. Surveying teachers about these and related matters seemed a useful first step in considering the state of multicultural education some forty years after its inception (Inglis, 2009). The project as a whole involved a state-wide survey – the focus of this report – as well as focus groups with teachers, parents and students in 14 schools in urban and regional NSW, and a professional learning program informing the implementation of action research projects in each school. Read also: Rethinking multiculturalism, reassessing multicultural education report 2: http://apo.org.au/node/42670 Rethinking multiculturalism, reassessing multicultural education report 3: http://apo.org.au/node/42671 &nbsp

Paper Session I-C - Commercial Infrastructure Participation in the Space Station Freedom Program

The evolution phases of Space Station Freedom offer the private sector the opportunity to provide commercial infrastructure to NASA and other users of the Space Station. This paper discusses the opportunities for infrastructure beyond the baseline Space Station and describes several approaches to initiating the provision of commercial infrastructure. These approaches include unsolicited proposals from the private sector, commercial development of infrastructure, and commercial operation of infrastructure